The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant disruptions to societies worldwide, reshaping social and economic landscapes. Despite the high death toll, vaccine resistance remains a global challenge. This paper introduces a theoretical framework that examines the decision-making process behind vaccination, considering individuals' perceived costs and social influences. The study emphasizes the need to understand individuals' perceptions of vaccination costs to implement effective policies. It also highlights the impact of social imitation on vaccination decisions, indicating that individuals are influenced by the choices of their social circle and can shift the optimal decision to that of the group. Effective communication strategies play a crucial role in promoting vaccination and aligning individual decisions with public health goals. Clear information about intervention duration and penalties for vaccine document forgery can deter individuals from deviating from public health guidelines. By understanding cost perceptions and considering social influence, policymakers can develop strategies to address vaccine hesitancy, promote widespread vaccination, and contribute to the control of future infectious diseases.